In most centrifugal spinning systems, the polymer solution or melt is injected into the spinneret, which is perforated with multiple nozzles around the sidewall and connected to the motor on the other side as shown in Fig. 10.3. Then liquid jets are formed at the nozzle tips or the polymer pathway of the spinning head when the centrifugal force overcomes the surface tension of the spinning fluid. After the liquid jets come out of the nozzle tips, the centrifugal force and the air frictional force can elongate and solidify the liquid jets into a fibrous morphology with solvent evaporation. The macromolecular chain entanglements of the polymer lead to a viscoelasticity, which enables continuous jet formation. Therefore, a good collaboration between rotational speed and solution concentration can prevent jet breakup and bead formation.
